Technology and Social Media in the 21st Century - 883 Words

In the 21st century social media and technology are enormous parts of every ones everyday lives, especially teenagers 13-17. Teens also believe that under the freedom of speech amendment that they can say anything they want to. Under this belief teens say a lot of regrettable things on networks like Twitter and Facebook. Teens may say something that hurts ones feelings, but administrators at schools are impatient and are quick to label someone as a bully, or someone who hurts someone and causes long lasting pain to someone, because they believe the victim may be scarred when really the victim isn’t. My essential question is: are ant bullying strategies used by schools successful? No, schools are quick to punish and may end up possibly ruining a teens future by putting bullying on a teens transcript. Schools need to be more patient, and need to find the source of the incident and talk to both parties. A very helpful source I found was â€Å"Overusing the bully label† by Susan Eva Porter. Her thesis states that schools overuse the word bully, and once society hears the word bully, everyone treats them differently. She says since the Columbine massacre in 1999 the media came to the conclusion that the two shooters had been bullied. Since that incident our nation has adopted a zero tolerance policy for bullying, when really the term bully is so broadly used now, that what used to be normal, yet painful aspects of childhood growth and development have fallen under the newShow MoreRelatedCurrent Force That Impact Curriculum Design And Program1207 Words   |  5 Pagesimpact curriculum design and program in the 21st century education, and developing an internationally-minded learner in a globalized era. Technology is manoeuvred into our everyday life, and it is evolving rapidly which urge educators to redefine the students’ potentials, and learning to know will never be the same. Technology calls for a change in learning and teaching for the 21st century education. The vast change and innovation of new technologies offer change in people’s understandingRead MoreThe Ethics Of The Florida Bar1716 Words   |  7 Pagesblurred between what the best interests of the client and what is in the best interest of the attorney. As technology develops in the 21st century, attorneys have used many instances of marketing their brand unethically. Through emails of attorneys threaten judges or other attorneys, using tactics to delve in trust accounts, violating attorney-client privilege all by the use of new technology. Moreover, professional responsibility for lawyers can deal with commingling of funds which is the act ofRead MoreThe Evolution Of Technology In The 21st Century881 Words   |  4 PagesToday, in the 21st century technology is all around. Walking down the street, people from the age of 9 to 90 is on some type of technology. It has gotten to the point that everything purchasable today has technology built into it. That was not the case in the 19th century. Back then technology was scarce. Everyday scientist create new and improved ways to benefit lives with the use of technology. The evolution of technology is remarkable when looked at from a far. Society now a day is all aboutRead MoreTeacher s Role Of 21st Century : Personal Debate - Module / Week 51385 Words   |  6 PagesTeacher’s Role in 21st Century: Personal Debate - Module/Week 5 The purpose of this paper is to fulfill the assignment objectives by clarifying the characteristics of a 21st century teacher, and considering them against the characteristics of the â€Å"traditional† teacher. The writing will the work to evaluate whether the role of teachers in the 21st century is changing and if so, whether â€Å"traditional† teachers versus those considered to be equipped with 21st century skills are going to be more or lessRead MoreTeaching And Learning Of The 21st Century1098 Words   |  5 Pages Teaching and learning in the 21st century Introduction Things are changing in this modern society at an epidemic rate. The world is starting to become much more interconnected and technology is constantly changing the world. We now live in an increasingly different, globalized, and complicated media saturated culture. So this Technological overthrow will have a greater change in education. Our students are facing many difficulties like increased population, climate changeRead MoreInstructional Planning For Learner Development Essay1313 Words   |  6 PagesInstructional Planning for Learner Development constitute the primary (PLO). This skill requires teachers to â€Å"design appropriate and challenging learning experiences informed by analysis of how learners develop individually across the cognitive, linguistic, social, emotional, and physical patterns to promote student learning and growth†(PLO 2014). Knowledge has no limit and life is a learning process. Thus, every teacher remains an advanced student. As a result, for a teac her to be effective in his classroomRead MoreClassroom Is Not The Classroom Of Yesterday1050 Words   |  5 Pagesclassroom of yesterday. We are accountable so much more to the learning needs of our students. The use of technology in the classroom is changing the way in which we teach our students. We have a responsibility to prepare students for the demands of an ever-changing world, through facilitating learning in a technology rich environment, where students and teachers don’t just learn about technology, they use it to achieve powerful learning and teaching and improve student learning outcomes. The challengeRead MoreImplementing The President s Task Force On 21st Century Policing Essay1749 Words   |  7 Pagesthe President s Task Force on 21st Century Policing. The Task Force Members sought expertise from stakeholders and input from the public through Listening Sessions, teleconferences and written comments as they worked to identify best practices and make recommen dations to the President. The Task Force submitted an initial report to the President on March 2, 2015 and released the final report on May 18, 2015 (Final report of the resident’s task force on 21st century policing, 2015). Society in generalRead MoreThe Impact Of Social Media On American Elections977 Words   |  4 PagesThe Impact of Social Media on American Elections and the importance of 21st century media outlets Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, and other social media websites have affected American elections in many forms. Candidates are now turning their attention to the people on social networks Murse (2015). They re trying to draw more people like Millennials because they use more technology. These applicants are trying to step up and make a huge difference from the election of 2008. While in the runningRead MoreMedia Effect On Public Opinion Essay1527 Words   |  7 PagesMedia has been able to control and influence opinions of the public through news stories within the last 80 years through the development of framing. Framing is when a story or piece of news is portrayed in a certain way that is meant to control the audience’s opinion and attitude, to agree one way or the other that the media wants them to. The technique of framing can be seen as a controlling technique of journalism writing to sway or trick the audience to base their own opinion on what is being

A Short Note On Gene Regulation And Expression - 2403 Words

BS31006 – Gene Regulation Expression – Dr. Armel Nicolas Genome engineering using the CRISPR-Cas9 system Matei Agavriloaei - 120004682 24/11/2014 ABSTRACT: Modified nucleases have been used for years in order to achieve successful genome editing and are nowadays an almost universally-used method. RNA-guided nucleases (such as Cas9) with easily changeable characteristics have been generated in great numbers especially since the emergence of clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR). This represents the most modern tool that can be used by scientists for genome editing. This technology can bring a broad range of medical benefits and advancements (1). CRISPR-Cas systems: CRISPRs are DNA loci that include†¦show more content†¦Figure 1: Overview of the CRISPR-Cas system – it shows the adaptive immunity with the use of viral DNA (3); Cas genes code for proteins related to CRISPRs. This association is a prokaryotic immune system. CRISPR spacers recognize and cut the foreign DNA material, just as RNAi does in eukaryotic organisms (2). In 2013, this system started being used (and is still widely used today) for adding and changing sequences of targeted genes (4), process also known as genome editing. The genome can be cut any location by guiding properly RNAs into a cell and also delivering Cas9 protein. In theory, it could be possible to build RNA-guided gene drives with the use of CRISPR to alter the genetic code of entire populations (5). CRISPR-RNA (crRNA) and Cas proteins come together and form CRISPR-ribonucleic proteins (crRNPs) for appropriate targeting and cleaving of the foreign nucleic acid (3). Due to the accelerate evolution of the immune system, the CRISPR-Cas systems are highly diverse and have been catalogued into three main types, each of them having a specific Cas protein. Type I and III and related and contain Cas3 nuclease-helicase and Cas10 (a protein with an unknown function) respectively. Type II is phylogenetically different and is represented by the Cas9 nuclease. Type II has three different subunits (A, B and C) and their crRNPs are all known as Cas9 complexes. They are restricted only to bacteria, not being in present in archaea as well (3).

Data Case Free Essays

Group Project Berk DeMarzo Data Case chapter 10 1. Collect price information for each stock from Yahoo! Finance Professor has provided it for us. The specific data of question 2-4 is in the appendix. We will write a custom essay sample on Data Case or any similar topic only for you Order Now We only include the functions and simple answers below every question. 2. Return=(P2-P1)/P1 3. mean monthly returns, standard deviations for the monthly returns and annual statistics Ticker| AAPL| ADM| BA| C| CAT| DE| HSY| MOT| PG| SIRI| WMT| YHOO| Mean| 8. 39%| 3. 70%| 2. 68%| -0. 26%| 2. 87%| 3. 40%| 0. 43%| 0. 48%| 1. 25%| 3. 34%| 0. 69%| 2. 22%| SD| 0. 1584| 0. 1050| 0. 0697| 0. 0709| 0. 0742| 0. 0867| 0. 0491| 0. 934| 0. 0455| 0. 1963| 0. 0477| 0. 1299| Annual Mean| 1. 0068| 0. 4444| 0. 3215| -0. 0315| 0. 3444| 0. 4077| 0. 0519| 0. 0576| 0. 1505| 0. 4010| 0. 0827| 0. 2660| Annual SD| 0. 5489| 0. 3638| 0. 2414| 0. 2457| 0. 2569| 0. 3002| 0. 1702| 0. 3236| 0. 1577| 0. 6800| 0. 1654| 0. 4499| 4. Monthly return to an equally weighted portfolio of these 12 stocks. The mean and standard deviation of monthly returns for the equally weighted portfolio. | Mean| Mean| 0. 0389| Standard Deviation| 0. 0925| Annual Mean| 0. 4671| Annual SD| 0. 3204| 5. Standard deviation (volatility) on the x-axis and average return on the y-axis Solution: 6. What do you notice about the volatilities of the individual stocks, compared to the volatility of the equally weighted portfolio? Solution: The volatilities of the individual stocks are mostly bigger than the volatility of the equally weighted portfolio that implies the portfolio tends to have more stability and less risk than the individual stocks themselves. Appendix Date| AAPL return| ADM return| BA return| C return| CAT return| DE return| HSY return| MOT return| PG return| SIRI return| WMT return| YHOO return| Mean| Apr-03| 26. 30| 8. 63| 13. 06| 5. 02| -0. 88| -0. 82| 9. 48| 7. 79| 2. 19| 116. 22| -6. 57| 20. 42| 16. 4| May-03| 6. 12| 7. 49| 11. 92| 4. 35| 6. 74| 5. 17| -2. 03| 11. 19| -2. 87| 5. 62| 2. 17| 9. 58| 5. 45| Jun-03| 10. 60| 2. 06| -3. 50| 5. 47| 21. 96| 11. 07| 4. 52| -4. 20| -0. 96| 5. 33| 4. 17| -4. 83| 4. 31| Jul-03| 7. 31| 6. 07| 13. 45| -3. 23| 6. 45| 11. 29| -3. 46| 18. 75| -0. 65| -5. 62| 5. 85| 7. 26| 5. 29| Aug-03| -8. 40| -5. 48| -8. 18| 4. 98| -4. 16| -5. 25| 3. 98| 11. 76| 6. 32| 8. 33| -5. 62| 5. 99| 0. 36| Sep-03| 10. 42| 9. 41| 12. 12| 4. 94| 6. 96| 13. 69| 6. 09| 13. 23| 6. 42| 29. 12| 5. 71| 23. 52| 11. 80| Oct-03| -8. 65| 0. 00| 0. 18| -0. 78| 3. 77| 1. 00| 1. 29| 3. 81| -2. 10| -11. 49| -5. 61| -1. 60| -1. 8| Nov-03| 2. 30| 6. 53| 9. 79| 3. 21| 9. 18| 6. 62| -0. 92| 0. 00| 3. 78| 51. 92| -4. 49| 4. 70| 7. 72| Dec-03| 5. 52| 2. 88| -0. 94| 2. 76| -5. 46| -3. 77| -1. 92| 18. 41| 1. 67| -14. 56| 1. 50| 4. 35| 0. 87| Jan-04| 6. 03| 10. 37| 4. 28| 1. 59| -3. 05| 2. 60| 10. 30| 11. 30| 1. 42| 8. 89| 10. 60| -5. 62| 4. 89| Feb-04| 13. 04| -1. 97| -5. 30| 2. 86| 4. 39| 8. 37| -0. 06| -4. 40| 2. 31| 15. 65| 0. 44| 9. 34| 3. 72| Mar-04| -4. 66| 4. 08| 3. 95| -6. 20| -1. 25| -1. 83| 7. 29| 3. 72| 1. 35| -2. 94| -4. 50| 4. 21| 0. 27| Apr-04| 8. 84| -4. 85| 7. 79| -3. 45| -3. 05| -3. 46| 0. 26| 8. 28| 1. 93| -9. 09| -2. 01| 21. 38| 1. 8| May-04| 15. 97| 0. 92| 11. 54| 0. 13| 5. 42| 7. 21| 4. 30| -7. 47| 0. 97| 2. 67| -5. 78| 18. 72| 4. 5 5| Jun-04| -0. 61| -8. 04| -0. 66| -4. 30| -7. 01| -10. 44| 4. 69| -12. 76| -3. 75| -18. 51| 0. 95| -15. 38| -6. 32| Jul-04| 6. 68| 3. 95| 3. 32| 5. 64| -1. 08| 0. 70| 0. 14| 1. 42| 7. 31| -7. 57| -0. 39| -7. 44| 1. 06| Aug-04| 12. 35| 6. 37| -1. 16| -5. 29| 10. 65| 2. 52| -3. 25| 11. 99| -3. 31| 37. 93| 0. 99| 18. 94| 7. 39| Sep-04| 35. 19| 14. 02| -3. 33| 1. 51| 0. 62| -7. 41| 8. 50| -4. 34| -4. 98| 21. 88| 1. 37| 6. 72| 5. 81| Oct-04| 27. 98| 9. 89| 7. 77| 0. 86| 13. 69| 19. 98| 2. 63| 11. 61| 4. 50| 70. 00| -3. 46| 3. 5| 14. 12| Nov-04| -3. 97| 5. 24| -3. 35| 7. 65| 6. 51| 4. 12| 7. 24| -0. 06| 2. 98| 14. 93| 1. 71| 0. 16| 3. 60| Dec-04| 19. 41| 8. 46| -2. 28| 1. 81| -8. 22| -6. 67| 5. 30| -8. 50| -2. 92| -13. 12| -0. 78| -6. 56| -1. 17| Jan-05| 16. 67| -0. 09| 9. 15| -1. 85| 6. 66| 2. 40| 8. 10| -0. 47| -0. 27| -15. 86| -1. 51| -8. 35| 1. 22| Feb-05| -7. 11| 2. 01| 6. 35| -5. 82| -3. 79| -5. 16| -4. 03| -4. 19| -0. 17| 0. 90| -2. 62| 5. 05| -1. 55| Mar-05| -13. 46| -26. 80| 1. 82| 5. 49| -3. 27| -6. 84| 5. 69| 2. 47| 2. 70| -15. 30| -5. 93| 1. 77| -4. 31| Apr-05| 10. 26| 10. 81| 7. 80| 0. 30| 6. 89| 5. 77| 0. 81| 13. 29| 1. 85| 26. 26| 0. 0| 7. 83| 7. 70| May-05| -7. 42| 7. 71| 3. 28| -1. 85| 1. 28| -0. 53| -3. 28| 5. 35| -4. 36| 7. 82| 2. 05| -6. 85| 0. 27| Jun-05| 15. 87| 7. 31| 0. 02| -4. 98| 13. 64| 12. 29| 2. 84| 15. 98| 6. 01| 5. 25| 2. 39| -3. 78| 6. 07| Jul-05| 9. 94| -1. 49| 1. 91| 0. 62| 2. 93| -11. 09| -7. 10| 3. 28| -0. 26| 0. 88| -8. 62| -0. 06| -0. 76| Aug-05| 14. 33| 9. 56| 1. 39| 4. 01| 5. 88| -5. 92| -4. 72| 0. 87| 7. 16| -4. 94| -2. 53| 1. 56| 2. 22| Sep-05| 7. 42| -1. 17| -4. 87| 0. 56| -10. 09| -0. 85| 0. 94| 0. 57| -5. 36| -4. 74| 7. 96| 9. 25| -0. 03| Oct-05| 17. 76| -2. 93| 5. 88| 7. 09| 9. 87| 14. 30| -4. 16| 8. 74| 2. 14| 14. 77| 2. 5| 8. 82| 7. 08| Nov-05| 6. 00| 4. 59| 3. 02| -0. 05| -0. 02| -1. 25| 1. 89| -6. 07| 1. 21| -6. 29| -3. 34| -2. 61| -0. 24| Dec-05| 5. 04| 27. 73| -2. 76| -4. 01| 18. 01| 5. 37| -7. 33| 0. 51| 2. 82| - 15. 37| -1. 46| -12. 25| 1. 36| Jan-06| -9. 30| 1. 05| 6. 86| 0. 62| 7. 63| 6. 30| 0. 37| -5. 74| 1. 18| -9. 88| -1. 65| -6. 75| -0. 78| Feb-06| -8. 42| 6. 07| 7. 22| 1. 84| -1. 74| 4. 15| 2. 11| 7. 26| -3. 84| -0. 78| 4. 55| 0. 62| 1. 59| Mar-06| 12. 23| 7. 99| 7. 08| 6. 85| 5. 80| 11. 05| 2. 13| -6. 82| 1. 58| -7. 69| -4. 69| 1. 61| 3. 09| Apr-06| -15. 09| 14. 65| 0. 10| -1. 29| -3. 68| -2. 49| 7. 16| -1. 23| -6. 81| -3. 85| 7. 8| -3. 63| -0. 68| May-06| -4. 18| -0. 69| -1. 62| -2. 13| 2. 10| -1. 98| -3. 22| -4. 22| 2. 49| 5. 56| -0. 57| 4. 46| -0. 33| Jun-06| 18. 67| 6. 57| -5. 48| 0. 12| -4. 44| -13. 09| -0. 18| 12. 97| 1. 65| -11. 58| -7. 63| -17. 76| -1. 68| Jul-06| -0. 16| -6. 19| -2. 88| 3. 20| -6. 37| 7. 63| -1. 35| 2. 71| 10. 14| -2. 86| 0. 88| 6. 23| 0. 92| Aug-06| 13. 46| -7. 98| 5. 28| 0. 63| -0. 83| 7. 94| -0. 94| 7. 16| 0. 14| -3. 92| 10. 29| -12. 31| 1. 58| Sep-06| 5. 33| 1. 61| 1. 28| 0. 99| -7. 33| 1. 47| -1. 03| -7. 76| 2. 78| -2. 30| -0. 09| 4. 19| -0. 07| Oct-06 | 13. 05| -8. 57| 11. 25| -0. 16| 2. 18| 12. 75| 0. 64| -3. 85| -0. 5| 11. 23| -6. 46| 2. 54| 2. 80| Nov-06| -7. 44| -8. 95| 0. 35| 12. 31| -1. 14| -0. 51| -5. 99| -7. 06| 2. 37| -16. 90| 0. 55| -5. 44| -3. 15| Dec-06| 1. 05| 0. 13| 0. 80| -1. 01| 5. 00| 5. 48| 2. 48| -3. 44| 1. 41| 4. 24| 3. 26| 10. 85| 2. 52| Jan-07| -1. 31| 7. 68| -2. 19| -7. 72| 0. 56| 7. 98| 4. 18| -6. 71| -2. 13| -1. 08| 1. 30| 9. 01| 0. 80| Feb-07| 9. 81| 6. 86| 1. 90| 1. 91| 4. 03| 0. 74| 3. 31| -4. 33| -0. 51| -12. 33| -2. 36| 1. 39| 0. 87| Mar-07| 7. 42| 5. 45| 4. 61| 4. 44| 8. 82| 0. 70| 0. 56| -1. 94| 2. 51| -7. 50| 2. 08| -10. 39| 1. 40| Apr-07| 21. 43| -9. 17| 8. 56| 2. 66| 8. 21| 10. 13| -3. 61| 4. 97| -1. 1| -1. 01| -0. 22| 2. 35| 3. 58| May-07| 0. 70| -5. 57| -4. 41| -5. 87| -0. 36| 0. 58| -3. 95| -2. 40| -3. 71| 3. 07| 1. 08| -5. 47| -2. 19| Jun-07| 7. 96| 1. 55| 7. 56| -9. 22| 1. 06| -0. 26| -8. 94| -4. 04| 1. 66| -0. 33| -4. 49| -14. 30| -1. 82| Jul-07| 5. 10| 0. 65| -6. 19| 1. 84| -3. 84| 12. 99 | 1. 53| -0. 24| 5. 58| -1. 33| -4. 57| -2. 24| 0. 77| Aug-07| 10. 82| -1. 85| 8. 57| -0. 43| 3. 51| 9. 47| -0. 19| 9. 65| 7. 70| 17. 51| 0. 05| 18. 08| 6. 91| Sep-07| 23. 77| 8. 18| -6. 10| -10. 22| -4. 42| 4. 36| -7. 12| 1. 39| -0. 68| -3. 72| 3. 57| 15. 87| 2. 07| Oct-07| -4. 07| 1. 89| -5. 80| -19. 49| -3. 63| 10. 91| -6. 1| -15. 00| 6. 44| 13. 99| 5. 95| -13. 79| -2. 44| Nov-07| 8. 70| 27. 73| -5. 48| -11. 59| 0. 91| 8. 70| -1. 28| 0. 78| -0. 77| -20. 89| -0. 33| -13. 24| -0. 56| Dec-07| -31. 66| -5. 27| -4. 90| -3. 20| -1. 61| -5. 97| -8. 19| -28. 29| -10. 46| 5. 61| 6. 75| -17. 54| -8. 73| Jan-08| -7. 64| 2. 85| 0. 03| -15. 85| 1. 89| -2. 69| 3. 34| -13. 33| 1. 17| -11. 25| -2. 26| 44. 84| 0. 09| Feb-08| 14. 78| -8. 73| -10. 17| -9. 66| 8. 24| -5. 30| 1. 60| -6. 30| 5. 87| 0. 70| 6. 74| 4. 14| 0. 16| Mar-08| 21. 22| 7. 06| 14. 10| 17. 97| 5. 06| 4. 51| -0. 79| 7. 16| -3. 76| -10. 14| 10. 06| -5. 25| 5. 60| Apr-08| | | | | | | | | | | | | | Mean| 6. 16| 2. 80| 2. 23| -0. 22| 2. 26| 2. 65| 0. 50| 1. 05| 0. 91| 3. 86| 0. 26| 1. 94| 0. 0203 | Standard Deviation| 0. 118500359| 0. 084954962| 0. 061336785| 0. 061929002| 0. 064312603| 0. 070978888| 0. 046175086| 0. 088335566| 0. 038977677| 0. 220687247| 0. 045999568| 0. 114508009| 0. 0437 | Annual Mean| 0. 7386| 0. 33654| 0. 26758| -0. 02684| 0. 27156| 0. 31746| 0. 05988| 0. 12642| 0. 10964| 0. 46308| 0. 03112| 0. 23252| 0. 2440 | Annual SD| 0. 410497285| 0. 294292621| 0. 212476856| 0. 214528357| 0. 222785393| 0. 24587808| 0. 159955189| 0. 306003375| 0. 135022634| 0. 764483048| 0. 159347179| 0. 39666738| 0. 1514 | How to cite Data Case, Essay examples

Analysis of the Global Economic Crisis

Question: Describe aboutthe global financial crisis. Answer: Introduction In 2008 the world faced an unprecedented crisis in financial systems. It was called the global financial crisis that led to financial systems imploding. The tax politico-economic paradigms shifted with big economies like the United States, china and japan being among the worst hit. Nepal was not left out of the equation either; it faced a period of financial crisis in its banks, high unemployment rate and slow economic growth rate(Berlatsky, 2010). Banks and insurance companies began to suffer serious losses, while their assets and other valuables began to fall free. Many money markets witnessed heavy losses with market instruments depreciating to all-time lows. Nepals money market came almost to a halt. What was initially thought to be isolated cases of collapse of banks became the norm throughout the world. A period of uncertainty had engulfed the world into a gloom with the same principle of capitalism being put into question. Governments had to react fast and strategically in order to revive the ailing financial sector. Previous growth seen between 2003-2007 had come into a sudden halt and even the Nepal had been shaken. Analysis of the Global Economic Crisis in Nepal and the World Although the financial and economic crisis is a complex process with multiple factors that have influenced its origin and development, essentially this process was generated by the imbalance between the real economy and virtual economy.The genesis of the problem is in the United States, which for years has enjoyed - in their capacity as political and financial superpower - huge advantages to access public and private credit to finance operations of its government and its citizens consumption.(Berlatsky, 2010) As a result, the US economy had become an economy of excess and irresponsibility, with consumers living far above their actual capabilities and resources, thanks to unrestricted access to credit. Nepal was going on the same route of unrestricted credit while other countries like UK had taken off.It was thus an economic boom based not on the actual production of wealth but on mere speculation and not on responsible investment but careless bet was built, and where expectations for higher profits, unreasonable and unjustified, ended up spreading and getting drunk to everybody. Examples of Financial crisis that affected global financial crisis The speculative bubble fueled by cheap credit was reflected in the diverse markets: prices of raw materials - minerals, oil, food - rose greatly in recent years driven by blind faith that the demand for these products continue to grow indefinitely , as shares of companies and banks grew exorbitantly with the illusion of infinite profits. The same happened with the US market real estate loans, just when the bubble began to burst(Claessens and Horen, n.d.). Access to mortgage credit became so easy that millions of families embarked on buying houses, which led in turn to rising housing prices especially in the united states and Europe. And when borrowers began to default on their payments, these banks found they had a huge amount of mortgages whose real value was falling apart: they had made loans that they could not recover, but still had the same obligations to its depositors and investors. And a reaction was initiated chain where these risky investments in assets of dubious value have generated huge losses for its shareholders and in turn, the falling value of its shares has sparked panic in the financial and credit markets around the world - including Nepal. This article analyzes the reasons for the global financial crisis while also having a perspective on politico-economic responses by various governments launched to remedy the situation and the course impact. But with continued assets restructuring and multiple sales risk transfer it came a situation when it became impossible to ascertain the actual risk level of each of the titles. In this regard the rating agencies, despite not recognize, were unable to fulfill their task. Inability of financial institutions to self regulate while keeping the government of their regulatory frameworks, with long stable periods that encourage excesses and Manias(Kawai, Lamberte and Pak, 2012). The international financial system was inherently so that, according to economists, you cannot escape periodic financial crises, with consequences more devastating. The UK and Spain are among the countries Thus, pragmatism seems to have overcome ideology, negotiation has worked and have finished adopting coherent plans in almost all advanced countries, plans that meet both the need to recapitalize the banking system partially nationalizing the banking and secure loans interbank. In this sense both the approval of the US plan, which was only accepted by Congress after the introduction of important amendments-as subsequent clarifications Treasury finally accept temporarily nationalize part of banking Finally, the global financial crisis was a period when the European economic block led by UK, France and Germany to stamp world financial authority while introducing the euro as the currency for trade after the dollar. Reforms Creating and developing systems to tackle the crisis. This was aimed at meeting the increasing appetite for funds by countries worst hit by the crisis globally while stabilizing the economic and financial sectors of the world. The united states was at the fore front of the reforms. the IMF increased its resources for lending significantly since the onset of the global crisis. Increase in credit to the crisis. The IMF reorganized its lending framework to adapt it to the needs of countries and greater emphasis on crisis prevention, and simplified the program conditionality. Since the beginning of the crisis, the IMF has committed more than $ 700,000 million in financing for member countries.(Scott, 2009)Assistance to the poorest in the world. Concessionally lending reforms were undertaken by the IMF and the policies were geared to engaging the low-income and poor economies in lending and to protect them from more economic downfall. Analysis and policy advice of the IMF more focused. The IMF provided risk analysis and provided policy advice to member countries to help them overcome the challenges and the effects of contagion arising from the global economic crisis. He also undertook major initiatives to strengthen supervision and adapt to a globalized and interconnected world, taking into account lessons learned from the crisis. Reform corporate structure of governance of the IMF to include other economies. Creating a firewall against the crisis The increase in available resources of financing to the IMF in support of countries that are members was a key elements of engagements aimed at overcoming the global financial crisis. Immediately after the crisis, member countries increased additional financial resources to the IMF through agreements that were bilateral to obtain loans amounting to about SDR 170.000 million (about USD 250,000 million to current exchange rates). Policy analysis and advice focused on IMF To strengthen supervisory role the IMF undertook key initiatives to respond to a globalized and interconnected world. These initiatives were developed to modernize the legal role of supervision to include the effects of contagion (the time when the economic policies of one country can affect others), further analysis financial risk systems, enhanced assessment of the external positions of members and immediate responces to concerns raised by these latter countries. Unemployment levels soared affecting more than 200 million people worldwide and income inequality becoming unbearable in many countries, the IMF internally established a Working Jobs and Growth criteria, which recommended avenues and provided guidelines for improving the support given by the IMF to its members to achieve their goals in terms of development, job creation and income distribution. A reform of the governance structure of the IMF to better reflect the global economy .(Scott, 2009)The reforms of 2010 are based on the reforms on quotas and agreed in the post global financial crisis period.from the initiated reforms, 54 member countries were includes with China, Korea, India, Brazil and Mexico the countries that will benefit most from the largest increases. In the case of other members, including poor countries, there will be an increase vote numbers, which remains a percentage of the total cast votes. Impacts of financial crisis in different economies The impact of the international economic crisis will be felt in Latin America through two channels. The first, via trade flows, and second, via capital flows. To understand the vulnerability of the region from this point of view to the transformations that are happening globally, the first thing is to understand the structure of world trade and the role played by Latin America in this. Thus the cycle of global capital has led to the growth of private credit in Latin America. The highest levels of liquidity associated with capital inflows have led banks to significantly increase lending to the private sector at the highest rates globally, thus financing the expansion of domestic consumption. As expected, the increasing availability of credit is having significant effects on asset prices in economies in the region. In the case of housing prices must be at regional level during the period 2008-2010 increased at an annual rate of 15%. This growth rate is the highest compared to the emerging markets of Asia and Eastern Europe (IMF 2011). It is not surprising to find that in those countries where it has grown faster fastest credit growth is also recorded in housing prices. The recent collapse of real estate markets in the US, the UK and Spain shows the fragility and dangers of a rapid rise in property prices when this occurs in a context of expansion of credit, as is currently happening in the region. However, the effects are not confined only to housing. It can be seen how, after the impact of the crisis, the market capitalization in the region also continued to grow at a rapid pace(Shiller, 2008). With the exception of Mexico and Argentina, the capitalization of the stock values measured in dollars has doubled over the last two years in other countries. As in the case of capital flows, it is interesting to note the changes in the composition of the market capitalization. It is then clear that several economies in the region are all elements that characterize this financing scheme: high dependence on commodity exports with FDI increasingly directed to this sector; strong currency appreciation coupled with rapidly rising prices of financial assets; growth of external financing via short-term dollars through portfolio flows. In the same way that these elements have combined to drive growth in the region over the last period, making it appear that the risks have diminished, in the next stage of the economic cycle will combine to cause a rapid deterioration of the economic situation and financial. Proposed recommendations * Implementing regulation to credit to the private sector by financial institutions in order to control the rapid growth of household and corporate debt. * Coordinate the creation of a control system of capital at the regional level that would reduce the inflow of speculative capital to the region, with the aim of reducing the negative impact of such flows on the value of local currencies and credit. This system could be accompanied by the creation of a regional tax on financial transactions, which simultaneously serves to finance the activities of the South Bank. * Accelerate the implementation of the South Bank in order to fund regional programs to strengthen regional capacity, to reduce dependence on commodity exports currently plaguing the region. Strengthening regional integration would also create economies of scale required for the development of a manufacturing sector in different countries of Latin America. * Organization audit committees debt at regional level to allow for monitoring and surveillance mechanisms management of public debt. The objective of the audit is to implement a mechanism to control preventively the socialization of financial sector losses associated in a scenario of regional and international financial panic. Conclusions: The global financial crisis which was as a result of excess liquidity and a lack or poor regulations of the integrated international financial systems was taking toll on countries economy including Nepal. Unilateral actions by global institutions like the IMF and different governments were enforced to prevent collapse of world economies(Shiller, 2008). The banking and insurance sectors were the hardest hit, this culminated to reduced trade even in other sectors . However, recommended measures and provided guidelines for improving the effectiveness the support provided by the IMF to member countries to achieve their goals in terms of growth, job creation and income distribution. References Berlatsky, N. (2010).The global financial crisis. Detroit, MI: Greenhaven Press/Gale Cengage Learning. Choi, J. and Papaioannou, M. (2009).Credit, currency, or derivatives. Bingley: Emerald. Claessens, S. and Horen, N. (n.d.).The impact of the global financial crisis on banking globalization. Friedman, T. (2005).The world is flat. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux. Ghosh, B. (2002).Global financial crises and reforms. London: Routledge. Haytmanek, E. and McClure, K. (n.d.).Mitigating the nutritional impacts of the global food price crisis. Kawai, M., Lamberte, M. and Pak, Y. (2012).The global financial crisis and Asia. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Kohli, H. and Sharma, A. (2010).A resilient Asia amidst global financial crisis. New Delhi, India: SAGE. Savona, P., Kirton, J. and Oldani, C. (2011).Global financial crisis. Farnham, Surrey, England: Ashgate. Savona, P., Kirton, J. and Oldani, C. (2011).Global financial crisis. Farnham, Surrey, England: Ashgate. Scott, H. (2009).The global financial crisis. New York: Foundation Press. Shiller, R. (2008).The subprime solution. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press. Taylor, M. and Clarida, R. (2011).The global financial crisis. London: Routledge. The World Bank Group's response to the global economic crisis. (2011). Washington, D.C.: World Bank. Yehoue, E. (2009).Emerging economy responses to the global financial crisis of 2007-09. [Washington, D.C.]: International Monetary Fund.

Robert Frost an Example of the Topic Personal Essays by

Robert Frost The American poet Robert Frost is, to a great extent, a controversial writer, although he has been ranked among the classics of literature. Frosts biographical data are important in the analysis of his work, since he is generally considered as one of the most representative poets of New England due to the local color that he infused into his poetry. He was born in San Francisco and, after he got married, he lived for ten years on the farm his grandfather had given to him in Derry, New Hampshire. Need essay sample on "Robert Frost" topic? We will write a custom essay sample specifically for you Proceed Since the income coming from the farm was too low for his numerous family, Frost took up teaching, first in Derry and then in Plymouth. During the ten years the poet spent at the farm in Derry he wrote poetry and endeavored to publish it in various journals and periodicals in New Hampshire, but almost all the editors refused his work. Conscious of his artistic talent and dissatisfied with the lack of appreciation his work met with every time, Frost moved to Great Britain in 1912 where he hoped to promote his work. He soon became acquainted with the other great American poets that lived in England, such as Ezra Pound and T. S. Eliot, as well as with the British modernists, such as W. B. Yeats or Lascelles Abercrombie. Pound and the other poets wrote positive reviews of his work, and Frost soon became acknowledged as one of the classics of poetry. After having published his first two volumes of poetry A Boys Will and North of Boston in England, Frost returned to America and found out w ith surprise that his second book had become famous in his native country too. The obstacles Frost met with at the beginning of his artistic career continued even after the official recognition of his work, in spite of the many awards he received. His particular style in writing received many praises but also a lot of criticism. Among the things that mostly distinguish Frosts poetry from that of other poets are his naturalism and his preoccupation with poetical form. Frost is a naturalist both because he is an avid portrayer of nature and scenery and because he instilled as much local color as possible from the provinces of New England, being concerned especially with the degeneration he sensed in the lives of the farmers and country people in America. As Amy Lowell noted, Frost is an ironic and almost sarcastic naturalist, who poignantly depicts the reality of the modern New England province, rendering its decay and ugliness: [] and the modern New England town, with narrow frame houses, visited by drummers alone, is painted in all its ugliness. For Mr. Frost's is not the kindly New England of Whittier, nor the humorous and sensible one of Lowell; it is a latter-day New England, where a civilization is decaying to give place to another and very different one. (Greenberg, 50) Nevertheless, in spite of the chaos and decay it sometimes depicts, Frosts poetry is extremely ordered and poised in terms of form and expression, his rhyming and his choice of words often achieving perfection. Also, the technique Frost uses in almost all his poems is what sets his work apart from the other contemporary writers: he uses the data and the images gathered from the physical world in his poem in such a way that nature gains a philosophical significa nce: There is the poet for whom external nature has a philosophically serious significance, either deliberately worked out or revealed by its implicit presence in a substantial body of work. Such poets may be capable of compelling powerful responses in the receptive reader, responses with an ethical or a metaphysical dimension.(Nitchie, 5) It was for these main characteristic of his work that Frost met with critical resistance many times. Thus, he was considered by his contemporary out of touch with his time, because his poetry did not aim at modernist innovations, and was too conservatory in both form and subject: Mr. Frost, for instance, is singularly out of touch with his own time []He does not understand our time and will make no effort to understand it. When he essays to speak of it, as in the long poem "New Hampshire" (one of the poorest in the book and a sort of pudding of irrelevancies), he shows a surprising lack of comprehension. There, to the challenge of contemporary ideas, he replies with know-nothing arrogance, Me for the hills where I don't have to choose. In fact, Mr. Frost's work is weakest in ideas. His style is gnomic; it sounds impressively thoughtful and many sentences have the rounded conclusiveness of proverbs. But his thought, disengaged from the style, is often discovered to be no thought at all, or a banality. (Greenberg, 61) Too much traditionalism, banality and lack of originality are among the flaws most commonly attributed to Frost by his contemporaries. Also, Isidor Schneider criticized the lack of depth of Frosts psychological analysis and his limited insight: Related to this lack of a developed and original philosophy is another lack. Mr. Frost's narrative poems are frequently poised upon a psychological situation. But Mr. Frost as a psychologist does not get very far. He can describe sensations perfectly; in fact, such descriptions are among his finest achievements. But he does not reach beyond the sensation; and in a psychological narrative he does not reach beyond the fact.(Greenberg, 61) However, some of the most criticized elements of Frosts poetical style are intentional. For example, his lack of originality and his stubborn traditionalism are part of his own design and artistic beliefs, as Frost himself noticed: []they ask me why I write poetry. I write poetry because it's been written before. I'm not original enough to originate a whole new realm of action.(Barron, 105) Frost believed that triviality and simplicity are the main poetical modes of delivering a serious, philosophical message, and that the essence of poetry is to say one thing and to mean another: Poetry begins in trivial metaphors, pretty metaphors, grace metaphors, and goes on to the profoundest thinking that we have. Poetry provides the one permissible way of saying one thing and meaning another. People say, Why don't you say what you mean? We never do that, do we, being all of us too much poets.(Greenberg, 89) Thus, Frost aims at universality and a true depiction of real life through the use of very particular and banal provincial imagery. He describes natural landscapes and bits of country life that are very particular of New England, but manages nevertheless to get his meaning through and to offer an understanding of life in general, as David Morton noted in his review of New Hampshire: Once I was present at a spirited controversy between two excellent critics as to the significance of Robert Frost--the one contending that [688] this poetry could make no claim to great and lasting art, because of its exceedingly provincial character, unintelligible to readers unfamiliar to the section, and the other answering with the names of Dante and Burns. It seemed to me then, and it seems to me now, that neither point of view touched the case of Frost with exactness.[] We may count upon a certain universality of comprehension of life for life wherever it appears and with whatever eccentric gesture. (Greenberg, 55) Frosts technique is thoroughly analyzed by Reginald Cook in his study, who notes that the main characteristic of his work is the organic form that the poet employs whenever he writes. Thus, Frosts poetry has an unfolding quality, that is, it develops its ideas organically in the text and does not simply build around pre-established themes: The first dominant aspect in Frost's theory is a preference for the organic and the natural over the geometrical and the self-conscious. Here he agrees with Spenser's for soul is form and doth the body make, and with Emerson development of this idea in his essay on The Poet, when the latter refers to a thought so passionate and alive that, like the spirit of a plant or an animal it has an architecture of its own, and adorns nature with a new thing. (Cook, 46) Most of these formal aspects and particularities are found in Frosts Tree at My Window, which lends itself to a psychological interpretation like many of the authors other works. The poem typically begins from a mood inspired to the author by the tree outside his window. It is an impression that the poet picks up from the natural world and which is further developed in the text in an almost unconscious manner. The ideas simply grow at the same time with the text: From its origin in the vague mood, which committed the poet, until the last sentence is set down, the poem unfolds organically, like a leaf from a bud.(Cook, 47) Frost thus proceeds from an object that he describes to the feeling that it inspires in him: [] he proceeds distinctly and clearly without confusion, from the object seen to the feeling which it arouses in him.(Cook, 47) The tree that stands outside and bears the changing of seasons and of weather becomes a symbol for the changing psychological moods of the poet. As many other poems by Frost, this one links a natural element to a psychological one. The trees sensations when he is shook by the winds and storms outside are contrasted with the ones experienced by man in his inner world. The tree can suffer only from the outer weather, but man has his inner weather, his own storm of thoughts and feelings. It is obvious that the tree and the man are not likened but rather contrasted here since Frost emphasizes the lack of profoundness in the trees sensations: Vague dream-head lifted out of the ground,/And thing next most diffuse to cloud,/ Not all your light tongues talking aloud/ Could be profound. (Frost, 133) The trees comparison to a dream-head which has light tongues talking aloud first introduces the connection between the natural and the human world. Like the man, the tree is subject to various sensations because of the weather, but none of these is really profound. The trees light tongues are not capable of real expression. The next stanza seems to correct this first observation as the poet remembers having seen the tree tormented by storms and different sensations: But tree, I have seen you taken and tossed,/ And if you have seen me when I slept,/You have seen me when I was taken and swept/ And all but lost.(Frost, 133) However, the parallel between man and tree is again used for contrast: the man who is taken and swept in his dreams, an image which is meant to suggest the torments of the psychological world and to emphasize the fact that only man is able to experience these sensations in his inner world as well. The window with no curtain that stands between man and tree is thus sy mbolic of the partial separation between man and nature: the tree is, in a way, complementary to man, or the natural world is complementary to the inner world of man. The poem thus expresses a philosophical idea as well: it discusses the uniqueness of man, of the human mind and imagination in the physical universe. The poet states that fate has used her imagination when putting the two heads together, that of the tree and that of man, that is, fate gave two aspects to the world the physical and the spiritual: That day she put our heads together,/Fate had her imagination about her,/Your head so much concerned with outer,/Mine with inner, weather. (Frost, 133) The two forms of weather are thus symbols for the spiritual and the natural world, which are similar in their manifestations but separated at the same time, as one is inner (the man is in the house) and the other external (the tree is outside in the natural world). From a formal perspective, Tree at My Window develops a philosophical or psychological theme starting from an image that is seen or remembered. As the poet himself theorized, poetry makes a point out of the waste, raw material of observation: Poetry builds from its own waste, and the only thing that isn't waste is the point in a poem or story.(Cook, 47) Another very important characteristic of the style of Tree at My Window is that of suggestibility, that is, Frosts belief that the form, the flow and the sound pattern of the poem are the most important poetic means in transmitting an idea: The best of a poem," Frost will tell you, is when you first make it, the curve that it takes, the shape, the run, the flow, and then you can come back to it.(Cook, 48) The poet must find the most appropriate and economic means of expression of an idea by[] eliminating many words and impressions, and by making the exact choice(Cook, 49) Thus, an accomplished poetical form is the one in which every words is capable of influencing the meaning of the other words: Every word does something to the other words.(Cook, 50) In Tree at My Window, the parallel between the tree and man is built with the help of the substitution of the terms coming from the natural world with those coming from the natural one, and vice versa. The tree has a dream-head, and ligh t tongues, while man is subject to the inner weather. Thus, Robert Frosts poetry distinguishes itself through the way in which it makes use of the natural imagery to express a metaphysical or psychological idea, and through the development of the theme in an organic form, that blends the content with the textual elements. Works Cited: Barron, Jonathan N. and J. Wilcox. Roads not Taken: Rereading Robert Frost. Columbia: University of Missouri Press, 2000 Budd, Louis J. and Edwin H. Cady. On Frost: The Best from American Literature. Durham: Duke University Press, 1991 Cook, Reginald R. The Dimensions of Robert Frost. New York: Rinehart, 1958 Cox, Sidney. A Swinger of Birches: A Portrait of Robert Frost. New York: New York University Press, 1957 Doyle, John Robert Jr. The Poetry of Robert Frost: An Analysis. Johannesburg: Witwatersrand University Press, 1962 Frost, Robert. Collected Poems of Robert Frost. New York: Henry Holt, 1930 Greenberg, Robert A. and James G. Hepburn. Robert Frost, an Introduction. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1961 Nitchie, George W. Human Values in the Poetry of Robert Frost: A Study of a Poets Convictions. Durham: Duke University Press, 1960

Free Essays on Nurse Anesthetists

Nurse Anesthetists www.aana.com Anesthetists have been providing anesthesia care in the US for over 100 years. Nurse anesthetists’ association name is the American Association of Anesthetists. There are a total of 42% of the nations 28,00 CRNAs are men, versus approximately 5% in the nursing profession as a whole. They are required to have education and experience to become a CRNA (certified registered nurse anesthetist), which include a Bachelor of Science in Nursing; hold a current license as a registered nurse; at least one years experience in an acute care nursing setting; graduate from an accredited school of nurse anesthesia; and pass a national certification examination following graduation. They have many responsibilities that include taking care of the person and doing the breathing for them at times during surgery on a patient.... Free Essays on Nurse Anesthetists Free Essays on Nurse Anesthetists Nurse Anesthetists www.aana.com Anesthetists have been providing anesthesia care in the US for over 100 years. Nurse anesthetists’ association name is the American Association of Anesthetists. There are a total of 42% of the nations 28,00 CRNAs are men, versus approximately 5% in the nursing profession as a whole. They are required to have education and experience to become a CRNA (certified registered nurse anesthetist), which include a Bachelor of Science in Nursing; hold a current license as a registered nurse; at least one years experience in an acute care nursing setting; graduate from an accredited school of nurse anesthesia; and pass a national certification examination following graduation. They have many responsibilities that include taking care of the person and doing the breathing for them at times during surgery on a patient....

Australian Aboriginal Art Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Australian Aboriginal Art - Essay Example Museum Anthropologists The paintings should not be relocated. Some of the paintings have weathered and been damaged by various factors and need retouching for effective conservation but no relocation is necessary. The paintings occupy valuable space and need to be relocated to less obtrusive places. The paintings must remain where they are unless they absolutely have to be removed to conserve them. Community Workers The paintings generate income for the local aboriginal populace and should not be removed from where they are. The paintings are fairly lucrative avenues of income for the aboriginal people and should not be removed from where they are. Relocation should actually add to the productive value of the paintings. Believe with the community workers Tutorial 2: This task requires answering the following question. What are some of the types of questions that can be successfully answered using the study of archaeologically significant stone artefacts The following questions may be successfully answered after careful study of stone artefacts that have been left behind by Australian aborigines of the past. It is notable that the questions are specially geared to the Australian aboriginal context. 1. By artefacts are only finished products being considered or both them and debris left behind after making them 2. What are the main methods used to make these artefacts and are any of such methods geographically exclusive 3. What were the types of rocks usually used in their manufacture and are any of these types exclusive to particular manufacturing methods 4. Are the types of materials geographically specific 5. What were these artefacts used for and are there any geographic... The Groote Eylandt aborigines have been much influenced by both colonists and the indigenous people of Indonesia, the latter having provided them with certain cultural influences like beliefs in sea creatures more common to Indonesian communities. The former contacts have provided the aborigines with means of employment in mining (Groote Eylandt Aborigines, Encycl. of Mankind, pp. 727-729, Undated). Though they have retained their own culture principally Christianity, and partly Islam from the Indonesians, continues to wield much influence on the communities. While these aborigines have a principally societal group structural this may be because of their environment which induces them to hunting/gathering, a technique of survival that is best suited to small and mobile groups (Groote Eylandt Aborigines, Encycl. of Mankind, pp. 727-729, Undated). The Huli have been fortunate in having lands that are extremely fertile and cultivation of sweet potato and rearing of pigs provides much economic independence from latter migrants. This is even though many Huli today are employed in mining and oil and gas operations (Ballard, 2002).

The Link between Education and Health Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

The Link between Education and Health - Essay Example According to Michael Grossman, increase in personal knowledge is normally directly proportional to the market’s economical productivity. Although a number of writers claim that health is similar to human capital, there has been no solid proof for these theories. According to Grossman (1972), there is a difference between health capital and human capital. He goes ahead to state that market productivity and non-productivity is normally affected by a person’s stock of knowledge (1972). Many medical economics students have come to realize that customers that are constantly in search for medical services are actually on the right track because they have a right to access good health (Grossman, 1972). Although traditional demand theory states that purchase of goods and services be allowed for utility functions, on their part, economists claim that medical care demands be at the expense of the health section. Traditional theory states that consumers are assigned utilities that enable that rank a variety of goods and services bought in the market (Grossman, 1992). Effects of education on health can be either direct or indirect. The direct effects are evident on how it influences both productive and allocative efficiencies. Conversely, indirect effects include educated people working in safe and clean environments in addition to holding higher ranks in the society(Clark & Royer, 2010). Through education, there is usually a change in the way people communicate, their behavior and the type of choices that they make (Feinstein et al., 2006).The production function is responsible for the creation of Gross investment especially in health capital. The direct inputs of these functions comprise of the right to housing, medical care, recreation and exercise (Grossman, 1972).

"Critique on Rupert Murdoch's tweet and being a muslim in Article

"Critique on Rupert Murdoch's tweet and being a muslim in the european society" - Article Example Terror attacks have traditionally been linked to Islamic extremism than any other religion in the world. Since the terror attack on 9/11 in U.S, most people across the world have developed islamaphobia with every subsequent terror attack such as the one directed to French Newspaper (Erlanger, & Bennhold, 2015). However, Islam has been on the receiving end of unwarranted criticism because terror attacks have always been orchestrated by a few extremist groups and not the entire Islam community. According to U.S Congress linking terrorism to Islam only fuels hatred and fear, which is a plus for the terrorists (2007). Therefore, Murdoch’s sentiments should be reviewed in this light. Indeed, Islamic leaders across the world have always condemned hundreds of terror attacks. Additionally, there are a number of terror attacks already organized and executed by non-Muslims. It can be argued that Murdoch’s tweet represents a mindset of many people across cultural settings. According to him, Islam needs to carry the cross whenever any terror orchestrated by Islamic extremism happens. Whereas Islamic leaders such as Olivier Roy have condemned terror attacks every time attacks happen (Erlanger, & Bennhold, 2015) , the entire Islamic community has not taken a strong and long lasting stand against terrorism. For instance, Islamic leaders have not been on the global forefront in funding anti-terror related organizations and campaigns. Most of the support Islam has given to anti-terrorism activities has mostly remained verbal (Frost, 2008). From Murdoch’s perspective, Islam has a more rigorous job to do when it comes to fighting terrorism. However, Murdoch has been highly criticized together with other people who share his ideology regarding Islam and terrorism. It is arguably impossible for the entire Islam community to fight

Social Issues In Sport

Social Issues In Sport Sociology is the study of how society is structured and how people experience life through its processes, directly or indirectly. A basic understanding of social issues helps us to learn how these processes affect us in everyday life. Discussing social issues in sport can help us understand different sociological concepts and perspectives of sport in society. These sociological perspectives can help explain the underlying reality of sports organisations, participation barriers, influence on sport performance, and how to develop strategies to deal with social complexities. Such concepts include that of; functionalism, figuration, class and Bourdieu, conflict and Marxism. Functionalism is a perspective that examines society through a functional framework which stresses that everyone and everything, no matter how seemingly harmful or out of place, serves a purpose. Society is looked at on a macro scale so it generalises ideas toward the whole of society. For example they look at what ed ucation does for society as a whole not just certain people in society. Functionalists also believe that society is based on consensus or agreement that we are all brought up to agree on how to behave and what values are right and wrong. Functionalism could be described as the most generalized of the sociological perspectives. It does not distinguish between cultures and it cannot effectively explain change. It also assumes that all social groups benefit equally from sports. The functionalist viewpoint is a distinct contrast to that of figuration. Figuration is a sociological concept that believes everyone is linked in groups of interdependence, such as schools, families and in the workplace. Sports games are seen as microcosms of social life. For example, a basketball match is in a constant state of flow, with ongoing tests of physical and mental balance between opponents. It suggests power exists only through interconnected relationships and that a stronger competitor still needs weaker opposition to be successful. Due to a more increasingly complex society, there is a greater need for social interdependency, therefore continuing the civilizing process. Unlike the Bourdieu theory, where there are distinct divisions between social classes. The Bourdieu theory of class and classification evaluates the social world and expresses the division between classes, age groups and the sexes. It believes there is a highly complex system of social positions, structured and fighting for the ultimate goal of control over capital. The field is a competitive system of social relations in an area or place where there is a struggle for power between the dominant and subordinate classes. Capital may be categorized as social, cultural or economic. This sociological concept also explains the use of habitus, a conscious or unconscious train of thought stemming from social origins. It influences the way we act by our common preconceptions. Were it not for the influence of Pierre Bourdieu, the notion of class would be given surprisingly little individual attention in the sociology of sport. In contrast to this perspective, there is the theory of Conflict which resembles some of the conceptions of figuration. Conflict theory and Marxism is a structural sociological hypothesis, structural meaning that our actions are determined by social forces and structures. Conflict theory explains society as a fight for authority, linking groups that are struggling for limited capital. Karl Marx was the socialist thinker behind conflict theory. He believed that capitalism would in due course be overtaken by communism. This Marxist based theory suggests that the social classes within society are in a constant fight to gain capital, and that the more powerful groups, usually higher class, use that power to exploit those with less power, usually the lower working class, in a bid to stay in control. This will now be discussed further, as a more detailed explanation into Marxism and Conflict theory will be given. Karl Marx is best known as a philosopher, a revolutionary communist and a social scientist (Burke, 2000), whose works inspired the foundation of many communist regimes in the twentieth century. He believed that capitalism would ultimately be replaced with communism, a classless, stateless society. He thought that society consisted of two interconnecting parts; infrastructure and superstructure, each playing there part in the process. Infrastructure includes and signifies all the power of production. This includes method of production, labour force, the logical and physical abilities of workers and the organization of social classes. Infrastructure interlocks with superstructure, which is the foundation, and which refers to the different forms of societal consciousness, such as; ideology, religion, philosophy and the political structure. As Coakley (2002) reiterates, Marxist theory focuses on economic activities and relations, the infrastructure, and their impact on social institution s, such as politics and culture, the superstructure. Marxist theorists assume that social development is initiated through economic processes, in particular, any change in the system of production. The economic conditions of capitalism involuntarily generate social economic conflict between the owners of production and the workers; this is known as the class struggle for power. Marx believed that this exploitation would become conscious to the working class and unite the people, resulting in the elimination of the class struggle. Marx saw the upward rise of the working class as the driving force of its own freedom. It would be this working class, created and organized into an industrial workforce that would overcome its domination and lead in a society liberated from exploitation and oppression. What the bourgeoisie consequently would produce would be its own downfall (Burke, 2000). In his disapproval of the wage structure and the acceptance of the working class to live with it, Mar x explained the need for false consciousness, used by the Bourgeois class and how social life influences consciousness. What Marx meant by this is that the ruling capitalistic class within society reap the benefits because it is very one sided. Antonio Gramsci was one of the first Marxist theorists to work on the problems of major change in twentieth century western society and to recognize the importance of the battle against bourgeois values, such as an ideological cultural struggle (Burke, 1999, 2005). Marx claimed that one way to help release the stranglehold of the bourgeois on the proletariat was to remove control over education. He assumed that education had been used to reinforce class consciousness and the capitalists system of production and with power wrested from the bourgeoisie, the proletariats position would then be reinforced by the promotion of proletarian ideology through education (Carr, 1972). Marx felt that education, as a social institution that imparts values, and by the introduction of free education, this would guarantee a distribution of cultural opportunity. Therefore, no longer would education support class distinctions and capitalist ideology, although in todays society it does still happen, wit h private schooling available to those with greater economic capital. One of the main topics within the study of Marxism is the thought that all social changes result from conflict between existing classes in society. Marxists believe that the main ideology of each society is the ideology of the ruling class. Marx believed that this concept could be applied throughout all of history and would continue to exist, ultimately resulting in a proletariat revolution and the abolishment of all classes. Burke (2000) suggests that what Marx brought was to recognize that the existence of classes was made due to the production or economic structure and that the proletariat, a new working class that capitalism had shaped, had a historical capability in helping toward the collapse of all classes and to the construction of a classless social order, resulting in the creation of communism. Berger (1982) also shows that history is based on unending class conflict just as Marx stated. In contrast to this view, Boyne (2002) suggests that class appears to be less noticeabl y determinant of social action now than was the case just a quarter of a century ago, and that it has even been overtaken in the ranks of social structural influences by ethnicity, economic geography and gender. Marxs view was complete economic sight. The two classes have interests in common; therefore they are in conflict with those of a whole other class. This is turn leads to conflict between individual members of different classes (Berger, 1982). In addition, Marx did not recognise other systems of classification. The Marxs perspective only views the classes between employer and employee as a substantial system of classification, and others like; religion, race, and nation, are not included. The reasons behind this being that, Marx believed these social influences were not natural or useful to humans. It is in the relationship between work and sport that socialist sport theorists draw a strong association. A basic physical relationship is seen between work and sport, in so much that fundamental forms of work activity are repeated in the motor movements of sport. Although the technical development of society is now at a stage where elite sport as a preparation for productive work is no longer necessary in the manner that Marx envisaged it, the approach supporting the relationship between production and sport still exists even though a certain degree of independence is now granted to sporting activity. Through these similarities, sport was used as a capitalist control tool. As shown by Delany T and Madigan T (2009), Karl Marx said that religion is the opiate of the masses, this is means that Marx saw religion as a way of dulling the pain of reality by encouraging a feeling that no matter how oppressed of unfulfilled the working class may be, there will be a joyous afterlife for thos e who endure such inequalities on earth. Since then, a Marxist perspective from Hoch (1972) said that, Five generations ago, Karl Marx called religion the opiate of the masses. Today that role has been taken over by sports. He suggested that people were more concerned by baseball and football scores than the Vietnam War at the time. Both views relate, as both are social institutions within society, and the realisation that sports is in the age of the spectator and consumer, giving an escape from reality that some people crave during everyday life. The bourgeois as a social class, is defined by Marx as those with ownership of capital and power. Therefore, they do not agree with the Marxism concept, simply because a communist society would not be beneficial to them in anyway, showing that those with power and influence do not wish to share or lose it. Sport, just like society, is an ever changing institution that has grew and moved on with the times. Sport is not the same kind of activity in the advanced capitalist societies of the late twentieth century as it was in the pre-capitalist societies of the seventeenth century. As Jones (1988) states, in the early stages of industrialisation sports was a diversion, but more than that, it was linked to rules and hierarchies of an established social order, as well as often a release from them. The society reinforcing sport was very different to todays democratic interests and commercialised lifestyle. By the twentieth century football has become structured and pacified, despite the hooligan element. It has become a spectator sport, controlled on a national basis and is a fundamental aspect of todays consumer culture. It is a necessary distraction in their lives. For millions of people, participation in sport offers an escape from the hard work of everyday life, and something that they be nefit from. For many others, watching sport live or more so these days, on television, gives both a release from workday stresses and allows a straightforward and easy identification with sports athletes or sports clubs which offer them satisfaction in their lives. Football related disorder, or what it is more commonly known as, football hooliganism, is a kind of behaviour ranging from verbal abuse and aggressive posturing through to rioting and even murder. Such things have been a regular topic of many books, DVDs, web sites, digital games, features films and documentaries in the UK over the last two decades. Although this subject has been portrayed in many ways in recent history, it is a very real concept, and can be explained by many theorists relating to sociological issues. As shown by (Dunning, E. Murphy, P. Williams, J. 1986) the early works of Ian Taylor, from a Marxist point of view, states that the rise of the football hooligan stems from the boursification and internationalisation of the game, and that clubs used to be the working mans voice or resistance movement against the middle class groups seeking to gain control and to implement their middle class values on society. It was believed that spectacularisation of the game through p re match shows, better seating and increased commercialisation alienated the working class fans. A largely similar approach was developed by Clarke (1978), he argued that hooliganism originated in the way in which the traditional forms of football watching encounter the professionalization and spectacularization of the game, saying it was a consequence of the changing relationship of its audience and the game. He also believed that due to some sub cultural differences, young working class males needed to resolve essential conflict in their lives, so in turn choose hooliganism. Over recent years, professionalism has been increasingly associated with sporting organisations. Clubs and sporting organisations must perform well financially, or at the very least remain viable, if they want to survive in the highly competitive world of commercialised sport. Elite sport has developed into a business that demands nothing less than specific, professional preparation. As Shilbury and Deane (2001) suggests, institutions must now conform to commercial process of professionalism, which give emphasis to minimalist inputs, business decision making and a keen awareness of the financial interests of the shareholders. Wilson. B (2007) argues that sport has become increasing globalised and transnationalised to a point where it is possible to analyse a team or individual athlete from any country in the world and be constantly updated of their activities, even from the side of the planet. He also points out the effects that it has on the sport related cultures around the world, not to mention the increasingly realized potential and means of promotion of a capitalist agenda. This shows the capability of the media and the internet to internationalise or globalise almost any brand, allowing a capitalist ideology to be explored globally. In sport today there is an unhealthy and unequal distribution of resources, this can easily be seen when comparing economic growth between sports in Britain. For instance, football in Britain far exceeds any other sport in economic growth and in media coverage. You only have to look at the sports section in almost any newspaper in the UK, to see that is dominated by football. This is especially true when you consider the number of games broadcasted across television and the increasing need for internet streaming, all of which results in a huge financial difference between football and other sports in the UK. Burke (1999, 2005) suggests that Gramsci identified two rather distinct forms of political control, domination and hegemony. The domination refers to direct physical force by authorities, and hegemony, which referred to both ideological control and more importantly, consent. He assumed that no rule, regardless of how authoritarian it might be, could sustain itself continuously through state power and force. In the long run, it had to have popular support and legality in order to maintain stability. Even in real life today, the capitalist governing body are desperately seeking a revival to the current economic crisis, and are looking to economic business for recovery. As Woods (2009) proposed, the governing class are concerned about the social and political effects of the economic situation. Thats why they invest huge sums of money into the economy, which creates exceptionally large levels of debt. As people know, sooner or later these debts must be repaid, and that in itself is a rec ipe for an enormous crisis in the future. The theory of class conflict explains the human social history between two classes, the exploiting and the exploited. As Marx explained, in the interests of the bourgeois, ownership of the means of production enables them to employ a system of exploitation to a large mass of wage workers, the proletariat, and usually out of necessity the workers go along with this system as they have no means of livelihood other than to sell their labour to the property owners. Marxists argue that new wealth is created through work, therefore if someone gains wealth that they did not work for, and then someone else has to work for it and they do not receive the full wealth created by their work. In other words, that someone else is exploited. This is how the capitalist bourgeois might turn a large profit by exploiting workers. An example of this is shown in work by Hickman (2010) where it is suggested that many of todays top brands such as; Nike, Puma and Adidas, were found to be exploiting low wage labour workers from developing countries to a means of economic production. This can also be shown in sport through the form of child labour, which gained a lot of attention recently when extensive media coverage reported that sporting goods manufacturers were using underage child labour in a range of developing countries, the children were paid much less than the minimum wage and were used to manufacture footballs and football merchandise. The news was extremely damaging to the sporting goods industry, especially because the children would never have the chance to use any of the equipment manufactured in the factories. This evidence shows that children are being openly exploited in the sports industry and that large divisions of the industry remain unregulated. As shown by Keys (2010), child exploitation has been ongoing since the late eighteenth century, just to sustain the capitalist class and produce their economic surplus value. The theory of Marxism does contain strengths and weaknesses in relation to todays society. As is derived from Marxist principles, the increase in production in all areas of socialist life is extremely important to the success of socialism. Physical education contributes effectively towards increasing the total work output of the socialist community. The progressive development of socialism depends upon the socialist consciousness of each individual. Sport provides a good means for the development of political assurance because of the possibilities it provides for social training. Marxism can be also be viewed in a good light simply because some people, like to know there place in society as it gives them a sense of the order of things, it also gives good opportunity for personal growth. Although, the Marxist concept does show a number of weaknesses, especially as some of their views may be outdated in todays society. The industrial proletariat described by Marx is undeniably a threat ened species, particularly in western societies, in which heavy manual labour is increasingly a thing of the past. To the extent that most adults can be described as workers in terms of their relationship to the means of production, Marxs original understanding of the idea of a working class becomes less tenable. Students relate how their parents have worked all their lives. That they also earn large amounts of money and acquire considerable social status from their occupations, so this does not necessarily invalidate the claim that they are, workers. The Marxist perspective also ignores the possibility that spectatorship or participation in sport can empower individuals within capitalist societies. Furthermore Marxism only gives an exclusive focus on economic factors and underplays the significance of non economic types of conflict, for example; gender, race, age, sexual orientation and ethnicity.

ICT and You :: ICT Essays

For this work, I am going to write about how I use ICT in my everyday life. I will be looking at how I use ICT at Home and at School. I will also identify how I use ICT for: - > My own personal use (this is when I use it just for me) > Social use (this is when I use the ICT with other people) PC Technology ------------- I use Microsoft Excel a lot, which helps me to do graphs in science for coursework and I also use it at home for sorting my pocket money and spending so I am organized with my money and don’t overspend. It is very easy to use and your work is always very neat and presentable which is important for my coursework. I also use Microsoft Word for many things in school, these include: writing out coursework, completing homework and English essays. Microsoft word offers a great easy program, which is easy to use and also you can put text, pictures and photographs onto a word document. I like using MS FrontPage to design and make web pages and websites this can be done personally for me or socially for a group of people. Designing website can be relaxing and stress free or can be frustrating and stressing, all depending on what type of web site it is. Internet The internet is very helpful to me in school because I can search up useful and useless information an instant using search engines like â€Å"google† the downsides to sites like these is, you have to be specific otherwise you could end up having thousands of pages of junk for example if your searching for the official Manchester United site and only type in â€Å"Manchester United† you will get any pages appearing containing the words â€Å"Manchester† and â€Å"United† you can get around about 3,460,000 results, when the words â€Å"Official Manchester United Football Club Website† only pages containing them words are found, there are around about 69,400 results just by being a bit more specific. I use this at home, personally to keep up-to-date with breaking news of my favorite football club and in school personally for my business coursework. At home I enjoy being on MSN messenger to talk to friends and Family worldwide, msn is good because it’s faster than email and cheaper than phone calls, the disadvantage is that my internet connection depending where I am and what time of the day it is could be slow I have a 576k ADSL modem so there’s no worries for me but slower internet connections like a 23.3k modem could have a delay or even a bad